![]() Ratcheting can be reversed by flipping over the wrench, or by activating a reversing lever on the wrench. It allows for maximum contact on plumbing nuts, which are typically softer metals and therefore more prone to damage from open-ended wrenches.Ī type of ring spanner, or box wrench, whose end section ratchets. It is similar to a box-end wrench but, instead of encircling the nut completely, it has a narrow opening just wide enough to allow the wrench to fit over the tube, and thick jaws to increase the contact area with the nut. Both ends generally fit the same size of bolt.Ī wrench that is used for gripping the nuts on the ends of tubes. Ring spanners are often double-ended and usually with offset handles to improve access to the nut or bolt.Ī double-ended tool with one end being like an open-end wrench or open-ended spanner, and the other end being like a box-end wrench or ring spanner. Eight-point wrenches are also made for square-shaped nuts and bolt heads. The twelve-point fits onto the fastening at twice as many angles, an advantage where swing is limited. The recess is generally a six-point or twelve-point opening for use with nuts or bolt heads with a hexagonal shape. The ends are generally oriented at an angle of around 15 degrees to the axis of the handle it allows a greater range of movement in enclosed spaces by flipping the wrench.Ī one-piece wrench with an enclosed opening that grips the faces of the bolt or nut. This wrench is often double-ended, with a different-sized opening at each end. Types Ī one-piece wrench with a U-shaped opening that grips two opposite faces of the bolt or nut. However, 12-point wrenches have been known to round off 6-point bolts as they provide less contact space. 12-point wrenches also offer a higher number of engagement points over 6-point. Most box end wrenches are sold as 12-point because 12-point wrenches fit over both 12-point and 6-point bolts. ![]() The mid 19th century began to see patented wrenches that used a screw for narrowing and widening the jaws, including patented monkey wrenches. Adjustable coach wrenches for the odd-sized nuts of wagon wheels were manufactured in England and exported to North America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Wrenches and applications using wrenches or devices that needed wrenches, such as pipe clamps and suits of armor, have been noted by historians as far back as the 15th century. From German Spanner (n.), from spannen (v.) ("to join, fasten, extend, connect"), from Proto-Germanic *spannan, from PIE root *(s)pen- ("to draw, stretch, spin"). 'Spanner' came into use in the 1630s, referring to the tool for winding the spring of a wheel-lock firearm. 'Wrench' is derived from Middle English wrench, from Old English wrenċ, from Proto-Germanic *wrankiz ("a turning, twisting"). English, "monkey wrench").Įtymology Wheel-lock gun of Sigismund III Vasa: The original spanner had a square hole for turning the shaft (r.) of the wheel, which tensioned the mainspring. The word can also be used in slang to describe an unexpected obstacle, for example, "He threw a spanner in the works" (in U.S. Hinged tools, such as pliers or tongs, are not generally considered wrenches in English, but exceptions are the plumber wrench (pipe wrench in British English) and Mole wrench (sometimes Mole grips in British English). They are frequently chrome-plated to resist corrosion and for ease of cleaning. Higher quality wrenches are typically made from chromium- vanadium alloy tool steels and are often drop-forged. (These pins or tabs fit into the holes or notches cut into the object to be turned.) In American commerce, such a wrench may be called a spanner wrench to distinguish it from the British sense of spanner. In American English, spanner refers to a specialized wrench with a series of pins or tabs around the circumference. The most common shapes are called open-end wrench and box-end wrench. In North American English, wrench is the standard term. tap wrench and pipe wrench), or may be used for a monkey wrench-an adjustable pipe wrench. The term wrench is generally used for tools that turn non-fastening devices (e.g. The most common shapes are called open-ended spanner and ring spanner. In the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand spanner is the standard term. These are commonly known as “combination” spanners.Ī wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects-usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts-or keep them from turning. For other uses, see Wrench (disambiguation) and Spanner (disambiguation).Ī set of metric spanners or wrenches, open at one end and box/ring at the other.
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